Tom

On this day in 1937, the Flint Sit-Down Strike ended. It changed the United Automobile Workers (UAW) from a collection of isolated local unions on the fringes of the industry into a major labor union and led to the unionization of the American automobile industry.

The United Automobile Workers (UAW) labor union had only just been formed in 1935 and held its first convention in 1936. Shortly thereafter the union decided it could not survive by organizing campaigns at smaller plants as it had in the past. Instead it would organize automobile workers and go after the biggest and most powerful employer, General Motors Corporation. It would do this by focusing on GM’s most valuable plants, which were in Flint, Michigan. The importance of these plants to GM cannot be overstated: the production plants in Flint were essential to the multiple lines of GM cars, and to the cars of GM’s subsidiary companies like Chevrolet and Buick.

Organizing in Flint was a difficult and dangerous plan. GM controlled city politics in Flint and kept a close eye on outsiders. As Wyndham Mortimer, the first UAW officer put in charge of organizing the campaign in Flint, entered the town, he was noticed. GM also maintained an extensive network of spies throughout its plants. Mortimer concluded after talking to Flint auto workers that the existing locals, which had only 122 members out of 45,000 auto workers in Flint, were riddled with spies. He decided that the only safe way to organize Flint was to bypass those locals and meet with workers in their homes.

As the UAW studied its target, it discovered that GM had only two factories that produced the dies from which car body components were stamped: one in Flint that produced the parts for Buicks, Pontiacs, and Oldsmobiles, and another in Cleveland that produced Chevrolet parts. Events forced the union to accelerate its plans when the workers at Cleveland’s Fisher Body plant went on strike on December 28, 1936, due to two brothers being fired from the assembly line. The UAW immediately announced that it would not settle the Cleveland strike until it reached a national agreement with GM covering all of its plants. At the same time the union made plans to shut down Fisher #1 in Flint. On December 30, at 8:00 AM, the union learned that GM was planning to move the dies out of Fisher #1. UAW lead organizer Bob Travis immediately called a lunchtime meeting at the union hall across the street from the plant, explained the situation, then sent the members across the street to occupy the plant. The Flint sit-down strike began.

In a conventional strike, union members leave the plant and establish a picket line to discourage other employees from entering, thus preventing the employer from operating. In a sit-down strike, the workers physically occupy the plant, keeping management and others out. By remaining inside the factory rather than picketing outside it, striking workers prevented owners from bringing strikebreakers to resume production.

Once the strike had been established in Flint, workers at other General Motors plants joined the strike. By January 25, the strike had major secondary effects throughout General Motors’ chain of production, leading fifty GM plants to close and suspending work for 150,000 employees. The police, armed with guns and tear gas, attempted to enter the Fisher Body 2 plant on January 11, 1937. The strikers inside the plant pelted them with hinges, bottles, and bolts, led by Bob Travis and Roy Reuther.^[15] They were able to withstand several waves of attack, eventually ending the standoff. The strikers dubbed this “The Battle of Running Bulls”, a mocking reference to the police (“bulls”). Fourteen strikers were injured by gunfire during the battle.

GM obtained a second injunction against the strike on February 2, 1937. GM was granted the injunction by Judge Edward S. Black. Black owned over three thousand shares of GM and was disbarred from the case after the UAW found out about this. GM’s representatives refused to be in the same room as the UAW’s, so Governor Frank Murphy acted as courier and intermediary between the two groups. Murphy sent in the Michigan National Guard, not to evict the strikers, but rather to protect them from the police and corporate strike-breakers. The two parties reached agreement on February 11, 1937, on a one-page agreement that recognized the UAW as the exclusive bargaining representative for GM’s employees who were members of the union. In the next year, UAW membership grew from 30,000 to 500,000 members. Employees of other car manufacturers such as Ford joined, as the entire industry was rapidly unionized. As later noted by the BBC, “the strike was heard ’round the world”.

Strikers guarding window entrance to Fisher body plant number three. Flint, Michigan.

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Romantic idea for Valentine’s Day

Today is the birthday, in 1941, of Brazilian musician Sergio Mendes, who had the 1983 US No.4 single ‘Never Gonna Let You Go’. His career took off with worldwide hits by his band Brasil ’66. He has over 55 releases and plays bossa nova heavily crossed with jazz and funk. He was nominated for an Oscar for Best Original Song in 2012 as co-writer of the song ‘Real in Rio’ from the animated film Rio. He died from complications of long COVID in Los Angeles on 5 September 2024, at the age of 83. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BrZBiqK0p9E

On this day in 1355, the St. Scholastica Day Riots began in Oxford. The disturbance began when two students from the University of Oxford complained about the quality of wine served to them in the Swindlestock Tavern, which stood at the crossroads now known as Carfax (The name “Carfax” derives from the Latin quadrifurcus via the French carrefour, both of which mean “crossroads”).

The students quarreled with the taverner; the argument quickly escalated to blows. The inn’s customers joined in on both sides, and the resulting mêlée turned into a riot. The violence started by the bar brawl continued over three days, with armed gangs entering the town from the countryside to assist the townspeople. University halls and students’ accommodation were raided and the inhabitants murdered; Around twenty townsfolk were killed, as were up to sixty-three members of the university.

King Edward III sent judges to the town with commissions of oyer and terminer to determine what had gone on and to advise what steps should be taken. He came down on the side of the university authorities, who were given additional powers and responsibilities to the disadvantage of the town’s authorities. The town was fined 500 marks and its mayor and bailiffs were sent to the Marshalsea prison in London.

An annual penance was imposed on the town: each year, on St Scholastica’s Day, the mayor, bailiffs and sixty townspeople were to attend a Mass at the University Church of St Mary the Virgin for those killed; the town was also made to pay the university an annual fine of one penny for each scholar killed. The practice was dropped in 1825; in 1955—the 600th anniversary of the riots—in an act of conciliation the city’s mayor was given an honorary degree, while the university’s vice-chancellor was made an honorary freeman of the city.

Ending the St Scholastica Day riot, as depicted on a 1907 postcard

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Let’s hear it for good people!

Thanks, Debra…

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BADA BING!

Covering up your camera on your laptop could damage it. Apple. Yes this statement is correct. Please remove the tape immediately. For… Safety reasons. FBI.

What a time in life to have an anxiety disorder, a love of history, and a compulsive need to stay informed.

At my age, to see the Northern lights, all I have to do is stand up too fast. Sometimes I even see a solar eclipse. 

I wish I could still buy things at the prices I used to complain about.

My doctor asked me if I exercise and I replied with “I jump to conclusions really well”.

Men are saying NYC is getting 10 inches of snow and women are saying NYC is getting 4 inches of snow.

Oh but 4 inches is suddenly a lot when it’s snow.

I hate watching breakfast on TV shows. You know they’re not going to eat 90% of the food.

Guy 1: Socialism doesn’t work. Guy 2: Did a satanic pedophile billionaire tell you that?

Your body needs 1000 calories an hour when you are snowed in.

The storm isn’t even here yet and I ate all my food.

Be the reason someone can’t use your name for their baby.

School teacher asked little Jane to tell the class what her dad did for a living. She said that he was a stripper at a gay night club and turned tricks in the alley for extra cash. After school the teacher asked Jane if that was really true. Jane said no, he really works at Fox news, but she was too ashamed to say that.

his year feels like being awake during surgery, but also it’s the wrong surgery and now you have a serious infection, and none of it is covered by your insurance anymore, and you still have to go to work tomorrow.

On February 2nd a ground hog was harassed by a bunch of dipshits in stupid hats.

The president of the United States and the dumbest motherfucker on earth should be two different people.

I forgot to pay my Scrabble Club subscription fee. Now they’re sending me threatening letters.

Do clouds ever look down on us and say “that orange one is shaped like an idiot”?

After recent events, Mexico has decided to pay for the wall. Canada has one in the plans also.

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Today is the birthday, in 1937, of American singer Roberta Flack who had the 1972 US No.1 single ‘The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face’. Clint Eastwood chose the song for the soundtrack of his directorial debut Play Misty for Me. The song was written by British political singer/songwriter Ewan MacColl for Peggy Seeger, who later became his wife. Flack also had the 1973 US No.1 & UK No.6 single ‘Killing Me Softly With His Song’. Flack was the first artist to win the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in two consecutive years: ‘The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face’ won in 1973 and ‘Killing Me Softly with His Song’ won in 1974. Flack died of cardiac arrest on 24 February 2025, on her way to a hospital in Manhattan. She was 88 years old. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8_fLu2yrP4

Today is the anniversary of the Mud March in 1907. It was a peaceful demonstration in London organised by the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies (NUWSS), in which more than three thousand women marched from Hyde Park Corner to the Strand in support of women’s suffrage. Women from all classes participated in the largest public demonstration supporting women’s suffrage seen up to that date. It acquired the name “Mud March” from the day’s weather; incessant heavy rain left the marchers drenched and mud-spattered.

The proponents of women’s suffrage were divided between those, known as suffragists, who favored constitutional methods and those who supported direct action, who became known as suffragettes; the NUWSS were constitutional suffragists. The split between the two factions was formalized in 1903 by Emmeline Pankhurst, who formed the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU). This organization held demonstrations, heckled politicians and, from 1905, saw several of its members imprisoned for their increasingly militant actions, which gained press attention and increased support from women.

To maintain that momentum and to create support for a new suffrage bill in the House of Commons, the NUWSS and other groups organized the Mud March to coincide with the opening of Parliament. The event attracted much public interest and broadly sympathetic press coverage, but when the bill was presented the following month, it was “talked out” without a vote.

At the head of the march (left to right), Lady Frances Balfour in the light coat, Millicent Garrett Fawcett and Lady Strachey

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too bad the driver didn’t have something that could put out flames…

Bad Bunny https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cr8K88UcO0s

Today is the birthday, in 1818, of Emperor Norton. Joshua Abraham Norton was a resident of San Francisco, California, who in 1859 declared himself “Emperor of these United States” in a proclamation that he signed “Norton I., Emperor of the United States“. Commonly known as Emperor Norton, he took the secondary title “Protector of Mexico” in 1866.

Born in England and raised in South Africa, Norton left Cape Town in late 1845, sailing from Liverpool to Boston and eventually arriving in San Francisco in late 1849. After a brief period of prosperity, Norton made a business gambit in late 1852 that played out poorly, ultimately forcing him to declare bankruptcy in 1856.

on September 17, 1859, Norton hand-delivered the following letter declaring himself “Emperor of these United States” to the offices of the San Francisco Bulletin:

At the peremptory request and desire of a large majority of the citizens of these United States, I, Joshua Norton, formerly of Algoa Bay, Cape of Good Hope, and now for the last 9 years and 10 months past of San Francisco, California, declare and proclaim myself Emperor of these United States; and in virtue of the authority thereby in me vested, do hereby order and direct the representatives of the different States of the Union to assemble in Musical Hall, of this city, on the 1st day of February next, then and there to make such alterations in the existing laws of the Union as may ameliorate the evils under which the country is laboring, and thereby cause confidence to exist, both at home and abroad, in our stability and integrity.

— NORTON I., Emperor of the United States.

Norton issued numerous decrees on matters of state, including a decree on October 12, 1859, to formally abolish the United States Congress. Norton issued a mandate in 1862 ordering both the Roman Catholic Church and the Protestant churches to publicly ordain him as “Emperor,” hoping to resolve the many disputes that had resulted in the Civil War. Norton then turned his attention to other matters, both political and social. In a proclamation dated August 12, 1869, and published in the San Francisco Daily Herald, he declared the abolition of the Democratic and Republican parties, explaining that he was “desirous of allaying the dissensions of party strife now existing within our realm.”

When he wasn’t reading newspapers and writing proclamations, Norton spent most of his days as Emperor walking the streets, spending time in parks and libraries, and paying visits to newspaper offices and old friends in San Francisco, Oakland and Berkeley. In the evenings, he often was seen at political gatherings or at theatrical or musical performances. He wore an elaborate blue uniform with gold-plated epaulettes, at some time given to him secondhand by officers of the United States Army post at the Presidio of San Francisco. He embellished that with a variety of accoutrements, including a beaver hat decorated with a peacock or ostrich feathers and a rosette, a walking stick, and an umbrella.

Norton did receive some tokens of recognition for his position. The 1870 U.S. census lists Joshua Norton as 50 years old and residing at 624 Commercial Street, with his occupation listed as “Emperor.” Norton issued his own money in the form of scrip, or promissory notes, which were accepted from him by some restaurants in San Francisco. Norton wrote many letters to Queen Victoria, including a suggestion that they marry to strengthen ties between their nations. That proved futile because the queen never responded.

By 1865 — and for the remainder of his life — Norton lived in a small room on the top floor of the Eureka Lodgings, a 3-story rooming house at 624 Commercial Street between Montgomery and Kearny Streets. On the evening of Thursday, January 8, 1880, Norton collapsed on the corner of California Street and Dupont Street. according to the next day’s obituary in the San Francisco Morning Call. Norton died before a carriage could arrive. The Call reported: “On the reeking pavement, in the darkness of a moonless night, under the dripping rain … Norton I, by the grace of God, Emperor of the United States and Protector of Mexico, departed this life.” Two days later, the San Francisco Chronicle led its article on Norton’s funeral with the headline “Le Roi Est Mort.”

Emperor Norton in full dress uniform and military regalia

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Kids…

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Housework…

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Today is the birthday, in 1947, of Margie and Mary Ann Ganser, vocalists for The Shangri-Las, who had a 1964 US No.1 & UK No.11 single with ‘Leader Of The Pack’. Mary Ann died in New York on March 15, 1970, aged 22, of a drug overdose. Margie died of breast cancer on July 28th 1996 age 48. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q8UKf65NOzM

On this day in 1913, the 16th Amendment to the US Constitution was ratified. the amendment allows Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among states on the basis of population. The amendment is sometimes wrongly interpreted as the basis for imposition of an income tax, but Congress had always had that power. the Constitution required, however, that direct taxes be apportioned among the states on the basis of population.

Prior to the early 20th century, most federal revenue came from tariffs rather than taxes, although Congress had often imposed excise taxes on various goods. From well before 1894, Democrats, Progressives, Populists and other left-oriented parties argued that tariffs disproportionately affected the poor, interfered with prices, were unpredictable, and were an intrinsically limited source of revenue. The South and the West tended to support income taxes because their residents were generally less prosperous, more agricultural and more sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. A sharp rise in the cost of living between 1897 and 1913 greatly increased support for the idea of income taxes, including in the urban Northeast.

On June 16, 1909, President William Howard Taft, in an address to the Sixty-first Congress, proposed a two percent federal income tax on corporations and a constitutional amendment to allow income tax. On July 12, 1909, the resolution proposing the Sixteenth Amendment was passed by the Congress and was submitted to the state legislatures. Support for the income tax was strongest in the western and southern states, while opposition was strongest in the northeastern states.

A growing number of Republicans also began supporting the idea, notably Theodore Roosevelt and the “Insurgent” Republicans (who would go on to form the Progressive Party). These Republicans were driven mainly by a fear of the increasingly large and sophisticated military forces of Japan, Britain and the European powers, their own imperial ambitions, and the perceived need to defend American merchant ships. Moreover, these progressive Republicans were convinced that central governments could play a positive role in national economies. A bigger government and a bigger military, they argued, required a correspondingly larger and steadier source of revenue to support it.

Ratification (by the requisite 36 states) was completed on February 3, 1913, with the ratification by Delaware. The Revenue Act of 1913, which greatly lowered tariffs and implemented a federal income tax, was enacted shortly after the Sixteenth Amendment was ratified.

President William Howard Taft

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BADA BADA BADA BING!!

H1 – What’s an orgasm? H2 – When you fold paper to look like birds and stuff. H3 – Gurl, that’s oregano.

Who knew that in America’s ugly divorce, the liberals would get custody of the NFL, the true teachings of Jesus, and the second amendment.

I should do something with my life… maybe tomorrow.

In a recent interview, tRUMP paused, tapped his head, and struggled to recall the word Alzheimer’s.

How many chefs do you think were executed in medieval times because the King’s food tester had a food allergy?

Let’s do a drone light show over an uncontacted tribe and become their gods.

Sign on door to classroom: The spider infestation has been mostly resolved.

I feel like I’ve experienced more historical events since 2025 than we were actually required to learn about in school.

MAGAts are caught in a loop. Climate change is a hoax but we need Greenland because of climate change which a hoax.

Wind chimes are made from the metallic bones of robots that tried to overthrow us. Hang them outside as a warning to others.

How prior authorizations work… My doctor: You need this medicine. Dr. to pharmacy: She needs this medicine. Pharmacy to insurance: Her doctor says she needs this medicine. Insurance: Does she really? Let’s ask her doctor.

The five-second rule does not apply if you have a two-second dog.

The internet used to come through the phone and it sounded like screaming robots. Sure grandpa, let’s get you to bed.

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Cause and Effect???

Ouch

Schrödinger’s Dumpster …

Today is the birthday, in 1947, of American singer-songwriter Melanie Safka. She scored the 1971 US No.1 & 1972 UK No.4 single ‘Brand New Key’, and had hits with her 1970 version of the Rolling Stones’ ‘Ruby Tuesday’, her composition ‘What Have They Done to My Song Ma’ and her 1970 international breakthrough hit ‘Lay Down (Candles in the Rain)’, which was inspired by her experience of performing at the 1969 Woodstock Festival. In 2007, Melanie was invited by Jarvis Cocker to perform at the Meltdown Festival at the Royal Festival Hall in London. She died on 23 January 2024, at the age of 76. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RCTMTflcuug